Bitcoin is the world’s first cryptocurrency and blockchain.
Bitcoin was first described in a white paper published by Satoshi Nakamoto in October, 2008. Nakamoto is believed to be a pseudonym for the individual or group responsible for Bitcoin as there is no compilation of a computer scientist by this herald prior to the inauguration of Bitcoin in 2009.
At the time, Satoshi claimed to be a 37 year-old man living in Tokyo, Japan. The translation of his pronounce offers enthralling insights: satoshi means “clear-thinking” or “wise,” naka means “inside” or “relationship,” and moto means “the origin” or “the foundation.” Taken together, it could be translated as “thinking helpfully inside the foundation.”
Satoshi continued to update the Bitcoin source code until 2010 and wrote hundreds of blog posts in flawless English totalling 80,000 words, roughly by the side of a novel. Satoshis’ first publicize used American spellings, however, every subsequent reveal used British spellings and colloquialisms. His writing timestamps don’t narrowing to any particular epoch zone.
On the 23rd of April, 2011, Satoshi disappeared from the Internet, telling a developer in an email that he has « moved onto new things. » Whoever Satoshi is, he is considered a polymath who possesses extensive knowledge with veneration to computer programming, economics, cryptography, and peer-to-peer networking.
Bitcoin was born during the 2008 Financial Crisis. To commemorate this moment in time, Satoshi embedded a Times of London newspaper headline into the metadata of the first block of the Bitcoin blockchain, known as the Genesis Block. It reads: “The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks.”
Token
Bitcoin (with a lowercase “b”) or BTC is the digital asset token of the Bitcoin network (Bitcoin later than a capital “B”). All BTC balances and transactions are recorded on the Bitcoin blockchain. The smallest subunit of BTC is the “satoshi,” which is named after Bitcoin’s pseudonymous creator, Satoshi Nakamoto. One satoshi is equal to 10-8 BTC or one hundred-millionth of a BTC (0.00000001 bitcoin). Bitcoin can be bought and sold for fiat currency or extra digital currencies.
Bitcoin can be purchased on a cryptocurrency argument and stored in a crypto billfold and custodian in the publicize of Gemini.
Supply
The supply of bitcoin is deterministic and given at 21 million BTC. The supply schedule is embedded in the Bitcoin protocol.
Bitcoin Mining
Satoshi’s major breakthrough was solving the The Byzantine Generals’ Problem. The Bitcoin mining algorithm that Satoshi proposed in the Bitcoin white paper demonstrated how a network of computers roughly speaking the world could attain consensus considering each extra and agree upon something, even if sure computers were bad actors upon the network frustrating to confuse the others.
This consensus mechanism allows the Bitcoin network to agree on which bitcoin transactions are valid, thereby solving the “double-spend” problem and ensuring that one bitcoin isn’t spent higher than once by the thesame person. As a result, it safeguards the integrity of the Bitcoin blockchain, a wedding album of whatever bitcoin balances and transactions, without the need for a trusted third party.
Bitcoin’s consensus mechanism uses a proof of work algorithm. Specifically, miners must solve math puzzles using the SHA-256 hash algorithm of the Secure Hash Algorithm 2 (SHA-2) family. By committing computational skill towards solving the Bitcoin mining algorithm, miners audit and state the transactions of the Bitcoin network. The more computer facility a miner brings to bear upon the Bitcoin network, the more likely she or he is to solve the proof of affect algorithm and win the bitcoin that the network rewards to the miner who writes the newest block to the Bitcoin blockchain.
Characteristics
Bitcoin is often called “digital gold” because its traits to the side of resemble those of gold. In 2015, a U.S. Federal judge concluded in the Coinflip, Inc. order that bitcoin was legally a “commodity” under the Commodities and Exchange Act.
The once table offers a comparison amongst bitcoin and gold:
Bitcoin Halving or Halvening
The supply schedule of bitcoin is deflationary. This schedule — embedded in the Bitcoin protocol — dictates that all time a miner successfully writes a new block to the blockchain (i.e., solves the proof of feat puzzle), that miner shall receive a set number of bitcoin called the « block reward. » The Bitcoin protocol sets and adjusts the mining mysteriousness so that miners will be skilled to win the block reward roughly every 10 minutes. The block reward is how anything new bitcoin are issued or minted, and how all bitcoin in circulation have come into existence.
Every 210,000 blocks — roughly all 4 years — the block recompense is edited by half, an event often referred to as the « the halvening » or “the halving.” When Bitcoin launched in 2009, the initial block compensation was 50 bitcoin. On November 25, 2012, the first halvening occured, halving the block compensation from 50 to 25 bitcoin. On July 10, 2016, the second halvening occured, halving the block reward from 25 to 12.5 bitcoin. The third halvening is conventional to happen in May, 2020 and will shorten the block compensation from 12.5 to 6.25 bitcoin.
The block return will continue to undergo halvings until it reaches 0. This is estimated to happen sometime in the year 2140. At this reduction in time, there will be a total of 21 million bitcoin in circulation.
BITCOIN SUPPLY SCHEDULE
Total Supply
21 million by 2140 (approx.)
Block Reward
Every 10 minutes (approx.)
Halving event
Every 4 years (aprrox.) Every 210,000 blocks until total supply reaches 21 million (fixed).
HODL, HODLing, and HODLers
HODL is a slang in the crypto atmosphere that refers to the prosecution of buying and holding bitcoin. The etymology of the term can be traced support to a misspelling of the word “hold” in a proclamation posted to Bitcointalk’s Bitcoin Forum in 2013 and titled I AM HODLING. Some, however, have incorrectly assumed that the word is an acronym for the phrase “hold on for dear life.”
HODL has become a prominent internet meme and rallying cry for the Bitcoin community, especially during get older of tall volatility and large price declines. Those who HODL are called HODLers and are said to be HODLing. The basic principle at the back HODLing is to take a long term purchase and retain view towards bitcoin as in opposition to a short-term one that involves trading in and out of bitcoin upon a daily, weekly, or monthly basis. HODLING avoids having to correctly mature trades considering the puff and react to price volatility, which can upshot in buying tall or selling low. It does, however, require strong conviction and resolve during make known downturns.
HOLDING may also outcome in tax support related to capital asset treatment per IRS Virtual Currency Guidance (Please Note: nothing contained herein should be considered or construed as tax advice of any kind. This content is provided for instruction purposes only).
The HODL strategy appeals to Bitcoin maximalists who give a complimentary response that bitcoin may ultimately replace fiat currencies. It along with an important component of “stacking sats,” #stackingsats, or “stacking satoshis,” a popular investment strategy based on the premise that accumulating even small amounts of bitcoin (a satoshi is the smallest subunit) over become old will prove to be a valuable investment in the long govern if bitcoin goes “to the moon!” — a popular aerate metaphor and trope used by bitcoiners to describe bitcoin price appreciation.
The Bitcoin Pizza and Bitcoin Pizza Day
The bitcoin pizza refers to the first grow old bitcoin was used to purchase a real good. On May 22, 2010, a programmer in Florida named Laslo Hanyecz (now referred to as the “Bitcoin Pizza Guy”) purchased two Papa John’s pizzas for 10,000 bitcoin; a morning now referred to as Bitcoin Pizza Day. Initially, Laslo posted a publication titled « Pizza for bitcoins? » on Bitcointalk’s Bitcoin Forum. An 18-year outdated named Jeremy Studivant responded below the handle “Jercos” and the two highly developed consummated the transaction more than Internet Relay Chat (IRC). Afterwards, Hanyecz exclaimed: « I just want to savings account that I successfully traded 10,000 bitcoins for pizza. Thanks jercos! »
Lalso paid for the two pizzas using bitcoin that he mined once his personal computer. At the time, the bitcoin that exchanged hands was valued at approximately $30 dollars. Since then, the value of that thesame amount of bitcoin has grown exponentially (worth over $90 million dollars as of May 22, 2020), making this the most costly pizza ever purchased in the world. Every year on May 22, the Bitcoin community commemorates Bitcoin Pizza Day. This historical daylight highlights the deflationary natural world of bitcoin and its deposit of value properties.
